Cat Evolution

The felids argon a rapidly evolving family of mammals that share a common ancestor only 1015 one thousand million years ago,26 and include, in addition to the domestic wander, lions, tigers, cougars, and many others. Within this family, domestic cats (Felis catus) are part of the genus Felis, which is a group of small cats containing slightly seven species (depending upon classification scheme). 127 Members of the genus are found worldwide and include the jungle cat (Felis chaus) of southeast Asia, European wildcat (F. silvestris silvestris), African wildcat (F. s. lybica), the Chinese volume cat (F. bieti), and the Arabian sand cat (F. argarita), among others. 28 All the cats in this genus share a common ancestor that probably lived around 67 million years ago in Asia. 29 The exact relationships within the Felidae are close but still uncertain,3031 e. g. the Chinese mountain cat is sometimes class (under the call in Felis silvestris bieti) as a raceway of the wildcat, like an African variety F. S. lybica. 430 As domestic cats are little altered from wildcats, they can promptly interbreed. This hybridization poses a danger to the genetic distinctiveness of wildcat populations, particularly in Scotland and Hungary, and possibly also the Iberian Peninsula. 32 The domestic cat was first classified advertisement as Felis catus by Carolus Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae in 1758. 13 However, because of modern phylogenetics, domestic cats are now usually regarded as another subspecies of the wildcat, Felis silvestris. 1433 This has resulted in mixed usage of the terms, as the domestic cat can be called by its subspecies name, Felis silvestris catus. 1433 Wildcats fix also been referred to as various subspecies of F. catus,33 but in 2003 the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature fixed the name for wildcats as F. ilvestris. 34 The most common name in use for the domestic cat remains F. catus, following a convention for domest icated animals of using the earliest (the senior) synonym proposed. 34 Sometimes the domestic cat has been called Felis domesticus35 or Felis domestica,1 as proposed by German naturalist J. C. P. Erxleben in 1777, but these are not valid taxonomic names and involve only rarely been used in scientific literature,36 because Linnaeuss binomial takes precedence. 37 Cats have either a mutualistic or commensal relationship with humans.However, in comparison to dogs, cats have not undergone major changes during the domestication process, as the form and behavior of the domestic cat are not radically different from those of wildcats, and domestic cats are short capable of surviving in the wild. 3839 This limited evolution during domestication means that domestic cats tend to interbreed freely with wild relatives,32 which distinguishes them from other domesticated animals. citation needed in full domesticated house cats also often interbreed with feral F. atus populations. 25 However, sev eral natural behaviors and characteristics of wildcats may have pre-adapted them for domestication as pets. 39 These traits include their small size, social nature, obvious body language, love of play, and relatively high intelligence401217 they may also have an inborn tendency towards tameness. 39 There are two main theories about how cats were domesticated. In one, people deliberately tamed cats in a process of artificial selection, as they were useful predators of vermin. 41 However, this has been criticized as implausible, because thither may have been little reward for such(prenominal) an effort Cats generally do not carry out commands and, although they do eat rodents, other species such as ferrets or terriers may be better at controlling these pests. 4 The alternative idea is that cats were simply tolerated by people and gradually diverged from their wild relatives by dint of natural selection, as they adapted to hunting the vermin found around humans in towns and villages. 4